Everything about the Democratic Republican Alliance totally explained
The
Democratic Republican Alliance (
Alliance démocratique, AD, or
Alliance républicaine démocratique, ARD) was a
French political party (1901-1978) created in
1901 by followers of
Léon Gambetta, such as
Raymond Poincaré who would be president of the Council in the 1920s. The party was at first conceived by members of the
Radical-Socialist Party tied to the business world who united themselves in May 1901, along with many moderates, as gathering
center-left liberals and
Republicans "
opportunists" (Gambetta, etc.). However, after
World War I and the parliamentary disappearance of
monarchists and
Bonapartists, it quickly became the main center-right party of the
Third Republic. It was part of the
National Bloc right-wing coalition which won the elections after the end of the war. The ARD successively took the name
Parti Républicain Démocratique (Democratic Republican Party, PRD)) then
Parti Républicain Démocratique et Social ("Social and Republican Democratic Party"), before becoming again the AD.
The ARD was completely discredited after
Vichy's
collaborationist regime, an option strongly supported by its major leader
Pierre-Etienne Flandin and other members such as
Joseph Barthélémy. The center-right party tried to reform itself under the direction of
Joseph Laignel, who had taken part in the
Resistance. It temporarily joined the RGR (
Rassemblement des gauches républicaines), before merging into the
Centre national des indépendants et paysans (CNI, National Center of Independents and Peasants). The AD, which in contrast to the
SFIO or the
French Communist Party (PCF) never became a mass political party founded on voting discipline (in these left-wing parties, deputies usually vote in agreement with the party's consensus), turned at that time in little more than an intellectual circle, whose members met during suppers. However, it was dissolved in only
1978, long after its effective disappearance from the political scene.
Under the Third Republic, the majority of the AD's deputies sat in the "Left-wing Republicans" group, the main center-right parliamentary formation (due to a particularity called "
sinistrisme," French right-wing politicians have for a very long time refused to admit belonging to the right-wing, as the Republic was traditionally associated with the left-wing and the right-wing with monarchists such as the
Legitimists or the
Orleanists).
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